Abstract
Abstract The demand for water resources is consistently increasing due to industrialization and urbanization. Water resource management can become difficult because of climate change and social issues. Due to the difficulty in securing stable water resources, reasonable utilization and management of water is crucial for the sustainable development of groundwater resources that are an efficient alternative to surface water. For groundwater management, the National Groundwater Information Management Service (GIMS) Center for K-Water measures groundwater data hourly (groundwater level, water temperature, and electrical conductivity) at national groundwater monitoring stations and analyzes the long-term variation of groundwater with regard to climate change. According to the Groundwater Act (1993), auxiliary groundwater monitoring stations for groundwater use and water quality are activated by local governments. The observed data after the calibration process are provided for utilization by citizens, industries, schools, institutes, and government policies through annual reports on groundwater monitoring by the GIMS Center. In 2018, the Korean government merged water resources affairs that were once divided between the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. The change will be favorable for effective management of the surface water and groundwater resources as well as ensuring both quality and quantity.
Highlights
The frequency and fraction of heavy rainfall to total rainfall is expected to increase in many regions of the world during the 21st century (Lubchenco & Karl, 2012)
Korea Rural Community Corporation ((KRCC), which is affiliated with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)), operates the rural groundwater management network (RGMN) and the saltwater intrusion monitoring networks (SIMNs) to monitor groundwater level and water quality
According to the Groundwater Act (GA), the master plan for groundwater management (MPGM) specifies the installation and operation of the national groundwater monitoring stations (NGMSs) to monitor the fluctuation of groundwater levels throughout the country
Summary
The frequency and fraction of heavy rainfall to total rainfall is expected to increase in many regions of the world during the 21st century (Lubchenco & Karl, 2012). The PGMNs operated by the central government consisted of the NGMN, engaged by K-Water and affiliated with the MOLIT, and the national groundwater quality-monitoring network (NQMN), facilitated by the MOE (Table 1). The NQMN monitors changes in groundwater quality at the locations of interest equivalent to the NGMN, identifies background water quality relative to water pollution, and provides the basic data necessary for governmental policy decisions. The LGMNs and the LQMNs are installed in the areas of interest (i.e., those with over-pumping or water quality deterioration) and are used for monitoring groundwater level and quality, respectively, providing basic data for local governments’ policy decisions. Korea Rural Community Corporation ((KRCC), which is affiliated with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)), operates the rural groundwater management network (RGMN) and the saltwater intrusion monitoring networks (SIMNs) to monitor groundwater level and water quality. AA-AAA-A0-○○○○ (regional name code – local name code – monitoring well type – serial number)
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