Groundwater Level Analysis of Sathyamangalam Region, Tamil Nadu, India Using GIS

Abstract

The Morphometric and groundwater analysis (water level and flow direction) of Sathyamangalam, having total area of 2.24 lakhs hectares was carried out using geographical information system (GIS). The Watershed characteristics such as slope, size, shape and Morphological Analysis such as linear aspects namely Stream order, Bifurcation ratio, Stream length, Length ratio and Areal aspects in particular Drainage density are analysed using ArcGIS software. And also, groundwater level for four years (2008, 2011, 2014 and 2017) and groundwater flow directions using Piezometric well data were also analyzed. In Watershed characteristics, the size of the study area is 2.24 Lakh ha and designated as sub- catchment watershed. The shape is circular i.e. Fan shape. The total length of contour line is about 11055.86 km and the average slope was 24.68% for 50m interval contour. In Morphological analysis, totally 6487 streams were observed and the total length of stream was 3758.2 km. The study location has bifurcation ratio ranging from 1.56 to 3.62 and length ratio of stream was calculated as 1.678 km/km2. In Piezometric analysis, the major water level changes occur in Northwest of Sathyamangalam. Here, the depth of water from the earth surface decreases from 12.67 m in the year of 2008 to 3.95 m in the year of 2017.