Groundwater flow modeling in the basaltic hard rock area of Maharashtra, India

Chaitanya B Pande,Sudhir Kumar Singh,Saber Kouadri,Kanak N Moharir,Balamurugan Panneerselvam,Quoc Bao Pham,Abhay M Varade,Ahmed Elbeltagi

doi:10.1007/s13201-021-01525-y

Abstract

The ecological sustainable development and planning of groundwater resources is an excessive challenge for many countries currently facing water insufficiency. The main focus of this work was to determine the direction of groundwater flow, head value, and water level using the steady-state finite difference model (MODFLOW software) in basaltic formations in Maharashtra, India. The MODFLOW model was integrated with ground data using Geographic Information System (GIS) for sustainable groundwater resource management in the hard rock terrain. The MODFLOW-2005 model simulated the interaction between heads and time in 2014–18 by steady-state conditions. In this present study, four observation wells were selected. During the field survey, four observation wells have been monitored regularly as per the Central Groundwater Board guidelines. MODFLOW software has been conceptualized as a double-layered rigid and fractured aquifer area feast over 18,312 m × 11,265 m area. This research demonstrates that the integration of GIS, conventional fieldwork, and mathematical model can support to understand groundwater demand and supply in a better way.

Highlights

Many countries are heavily on the availability of groundwater
For better planning groundwater resource development, it is essential to understand the development of comprehensive conceptual models and systematic solutions or numerical methods of groundwater flow modeling (Mayer et al 2007; Lasya 2015; Jackson 2007)
The constructed model was utilized to estimate the effect of the groundwater flow system in hard rock regions on water levels

Summary

Introduction

Many countries are heavily on the availability of groundwater. In semi-arid areas, groundwater supplies are more relative to various areas (Collins Johnny et al 2016; 2017; Khare and Varade 2018). For better planning groundwater resource development, it is essential to understand the development of comprehensive conceptual models and systematic solutions or numerical methods of groundwater flow modeling (Mayer et al 2007; Lasya 2015; Jackson 2007). The modeling of groundwater flow has developed a precious tool to assess the effect on groundwater resources of current and forthcoming operations (Lachaal et al 2016; Sathish et al 2015; Siva Prasad et al 2021). Mendonca et al (2005) found out the activity and actions of the aquifers in extreme circumstances.

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