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Abstract
An investigation of the impact of submarine groundwater discharge on the position of saltwater-freshwater interface is presented in this manuscript. Two conceptualizations were considered and analyzed using both analytic and numerical techniques, for comparison purposes. The first conceptualization assumes that the tip of the saltwaterfreshwater interface occurs at the shoreline, and the second conceptualization allows for the tip to extend off-shore. Analytic solutions exist for both conceptualizations. Results from both analytic and numeric analysis for the two conceptualizations are presented. Results from the first conceptualization were found to overestimate the inland distance to the interface toe, compared to the second conceptualization, for it ignores the influence of submarine groundwater discharge on the interface location. Moreover, results from the analytic solutions as a whole were found to overestimate the interface location compared to the numerical modeling results, for analytic solutions are based on the sharp interface approximations. Therefore, an empirically derived dispersion factor should be used to correct the analytic solution results so as to compare them with the numerically simulated values. Furthermore, offshore model extents should be incorporated when modeling coastal aquifer systems to include the influence of submarine groundwater discharge on the saltwater-freshwater interface position.
Highlights
Seawater intrusion is the migration of saline water into freshwater in coastal aquifers
Modeling the coastal groundwater flow system enables the evaluation of the potential for seawater intrusion into aquifer systems as a result of different factors
Result and Discussion Analytic solution Case 1: The Strack [6] analytic solution is based on the use of the single potential which is defined throughout the multiple zones of an aquifer
Summary
Seawater intrusion is the migration of saline water into freshwater in coastal aquifers. Saline water is denser than freshwater, for it has higher mineral contents. It forms a wedge beneath freshwater in coastal aquifers (Figure 1). Seawater intrusion can occur naturally owing to the connectivity between seawater and groundwater, and due to certain human activities. Modeling the coastal groundwater flow system enables the evaluation of the potential for seawater intrusion into aquifer systems as a result of different factors. Factors such as heterogeneity of the aquifer hydraulic properties, the complicated aquifer geometries and the temporal and spatial variability in groundwater density make it difficult to model seawater intrusion [1]
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