Abstract
Tropical Cyclone Cempaka occurred on November 27, 2017 in the Indian Ocean, just south of Central Java. This incident induced high rainfall leading to flash floods in the southern part of Central Java, including Gunungsewu Karst Area. The highest rainfall recorded on November 28, 2017, in this area was 239 mm/day (Automatic Rainfall Recorder/ARR Station in Pindul Cave) and 341 mm/day (ARR Station in Tepus). The extreme rainfall also caused groundwater flood in Ngreneng Karst Window. This study aimed to analyze the mechanism of this flood. The results of the analysis showed that it was caused by water filling up the conduit passage in the entire Bribin-Baron underground river system. The flow of the conduit pushed the diffuse flow into the surface fast, and the water that came out of Ngreneng Karst Window was thereby clear. The inundation lasted for ten days and submerged up to 26.4 ha of the study area.
Highlights
The occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Cempaka in the Indian Ocean, south of Java Island, from late November to early December has left a destructive impact and, at the same time, a valuable lesson for the development of karst hydrology and disaster management
On November 27, 2017, at 07.00 pm, the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency identified a tropical low moving from 100 km southeast of Cilacap City, Central Java Province
The rainfall data were obtained from the research station (Automatic Rainfall Recorder/ARR) organized by a karst study group located in Pindul Cave, Karangmojo District, Gunungkidul Regency and Station Tepus (ARR) belonging to the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG)
Summary
The occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Cempaka in the Indian Ocean, south of Java Island, from late November to early December has left a destructive impact and, at the same time, a valuable lesson for the development of karst hydrology and disaster management. Rather, drought-affected regions were hit by unprecedented floods that were hydrologically and geomorphologically unique Lacking preparedness of such events, the people living in these locations had to suffer an enormous impact. On November 27, 2017, at 07.00 pm, the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency identified a tropical low moving from 100 km southeast of Cilacap City, Central Java Province It intensified to Tropical Cyclone Cempaka and traveled at approximately 65 km/h, causing disasters like landslides, floods, uprooted trees, and hurricanes. Health and education facilities, offices, and houses of worship It affected 122 houses in the Special Region of Yogyakarta: 86 houses were lightly damaged, 21 moderately damaged, and 15 heavily damaged.
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