Abstract
East Anglia has a complex Pleistocene geological history, having been affected both by major changes in the level of the adjacent North Sea, and by glacial processes. The resulting geology has a profound effect on the distribution of water chemistry in the Chalk Aquifer which underlies the Pleistocene deposits. A detailed study of the chemistry of the Chalk groundwater, including strontium, fluoride and iodide as well as major elements, has shown that this chemistry results from three phases of saline intrusion, early Pleistocene to modern, and at least two periods of freshwater flushing. Climatic changes and erosional history were important in controlling flushing periods.
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