Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the cause of rosette disease of groundnut in which the umbravirus groundnut rosette virus (GRV) depends on groundnut rosette assistor virus (GRAV) for transmission by Aphis craccivora . The GRV/GRAV complex is, especially interesting, because the main cause of rosette disease symptoms in groundnut is a third component, a satellite RNA, which depends on GRV for its replication but on GRAV for its encapsidation and transmission by aphids. There are two major symptom variants, chlorotic rosette and green rosette with considerable variation within each type. Both the chlorotic and green forms of the disease make plants severely stunted, with shortened internodes and reduced leaf size. In chlorotic rosette, the leaves are bright yellow, usually with a few green islands. The biological properties of GRAV, which replicates autonomously in plants, are typical of a luteovirus and GRAV is therefore classified within the family Luteoviridae .
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