Groundhog Day Again

Abstract

Motivation is fueled by keeping in mind some future goal and predicting a desirable outcome worth expending effort for 2,3 We continuously ask ourselves and compute, “Is the anticipated reward worth the cost?” Do we pursue a high cost/high reward or a low cost/low reward strategy? Treadway MT, Buckholtz JW, Cowan RL Dopaminergic mechanisms of individual differences in human effort-based decision-making JNeurosci 2012;32(18): 6170–6176 PLoS One 2009;4(8): e6598 10 1371/journal pone 0006598 Andrew A Nierenberg, MD, is the Thomas P Hackett, MD, Endowed Chair in Psychiatry, the Director of the Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation, and the Co-Director, Center for Clinical Research Education, Massachusetts General Hospital;and a Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School