Abstract
Abstract Vertical stratification of bird species has been intensively studied in temperate as well as tropical forest bird communities. One question that has received less attention is the variation of foraging stratum breadth. Hypotheses trying to explain that variation are based on differences in perception, evasion, adaptation, competition, and environmental and geometric boundary constraints. Although some predict that foraging strata near the ground should be narrower than those near the canopy, others predict that strata in the midstory should be broadest. These hypotheses were tested using observational data of 92 rainforest bird species. Observations were made from or near a 40 m high canopy crane situated close to the Surumoni River (3°10′N, 65°40′W) near Esmeralda, Estado Amazonas, southern Venezuela (Surumoni-Crane-Project). I found a highly significant parabolic relationship between mean foraging height and its standard deviation showing that midstory bird species foraged in a broader stratum ...
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