Ground Water in Certain Sites in Egypt and Its Treatments Using a New Modified Ion Exchange Resin—Characterization of Water and Modified Ion Exchange

Nariman H Kamel,Ahmed A Abdel-Aal,Alsaid M Sayyah

doi:10.4236/jep.2011.24050

Abstract

The present work is a comprehensive of drinking water quality. Eleven groundwater samples were taken from various rural regions of Egypt, the groundwater samples were investigated for chemical, radiometric and heavy metals analyses, the major cations including; sodium ( ), potassium ( ), calcium ( ) and magnesium ( ) ions species, the major anions of chloride ( ), sulphate ( ), nitrite ( ), phosphate ( ). Radiometric analyses in water expressed as the gross alpha and beta activity concentrations, heavy metals analyses including arsenic ( ), lead ( ), cobalt ( ), manganese ( ), iron ( ) and cadmium ( ) ions. The groundwater samples were found to contain high concentrations of heavy metals than the limited values of the world health organization (WHO). Heavy metals speciation were performed using MinteqA2 geochemical code. A modified exchange resin was prepared by polymerization of the condensed dioxalayl p-sulphanilamide with phenol, this ion exchange resin was examined by the different techniques such as; x-ray diffraction, infra red spectra (IR), and electronic microscopic, it was found a good adsorbent material that used for the reduction of heavy metals from contaminated groundwater samples.

Highlights

Heavy metals and radionuclides can enter into surface and groundwater from a variety sources, Water pollution is a consumpolitan problem that need urgent attention [1,2,3,4]. large amount of heavy metals and radionuclides can introduced into water body through untreated and treated liquid wastes
The origin of heavy metals contamination in drinking water lies in the illegal disposal of industrial effluents, which eventually find their way into underground aquifers
It is expected that concentration of heavy metals in drinking water will increase and their removal will be needed a great effort in future

Summary

Introduction

Heavy metals and radionuclides can enter into surface and groundwater from a variety sources, Water pollution is a consumpolitan problem that need urgent attention [1,2,3,4]. large amount of heavy metals and radionuclides can introduced into water body through untreated and treated liquid wastes. The origin of heavy metals contamination in drinking water lies in the illegal disposal of industrial effluents, which eventually find their way into underground aquifers. It is expected that concentration of heavy metals in drinking water will increase and their removal will be needed a great effort in future. Various treatment have been employed to reduce heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Cation exchange resin is to be useful for the removal small concentrations of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. A number of investigators have been used ion exchange materials for the removal of inorganic metal ions such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni from aqueous solutions [5,6,7,8]. The purpose of the present study is to give characterization of groundwater samples at certain region in Egypt, and to clean up these contaminated groundwater samples that may be used for human consumer by using a synthetic ion exchange resin

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Conclusion