Ground vehicles in high cross winds part II: Unsteady aerodynamic forces

Abstract

Ground vehicles in cross winds suffer from a variety of wind-induced effects that if they are to be described and predicted, require aerodynamic force and moment data. Part I of this paper has considered the steady aerodynamic forces and moments on ground vehicles in high cross winds. This paper considers the unsteady aerodynamic forces in the frequency, amplitude and time domains and sets them in a consistent analytical framework. Part III will go on to consider the interaction between the applied aerodynamic forces and the dynamics of the vehicle system.