Abstract
Using variational and diffusion Monte Carlo techniques, we investigate the ground state of bosons interacting in the continuum through a repulsive modified-Bessel-function potential, [epsilon][ital K][sub 0]([ital r]/[sigma]), in two dimensions. This is a simplified model for flux lines in high-[ital T][sub [ital c]] superconductors. A pair-product trial function is first optimized so that its variational energy is very near the ground-state energy, then the diffusion Monte Carlo technqiue is used to calculate the exact ground-state energy. As a function of mass and density, we calculate the region of stability of the solid for densities greater than 0.01/[sigma][sup 2]. The quantum crystal melts at high density, due to the potential's soft core, and at low density, due to the exponentially weak interaction. Bosons with [h bar][sup 2]/2[ital m][sigma][sup 2][epsilon][gt]0.09 do not crystallize at any density. Within the flux model, we compute the flux-line phase diagram for Bi[sub 2]Sr[sub 2]CaCu[sub 2]O[sub 8]. Pair-correlation functions, structure factors, and Lindemann ratios at melting are also comptued.
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