Abstract
Monopulse processing has been proved to be an effective way for airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR)/ground moving target indication. In the monopulse-SAR system, moving target detection is applied to a complex ratio diagram, referred to as a complex monopulse ratio diagram (CMRD), generated through a pixel-by-pixel comparison between the range-Doppler (RD) spectra obtained from the difference and sum channels. This study examines the statistics of complex monopulse ratio (CMR) in the Gaussian background. Based on the statistics, a new random variable termed normalised CMR (NCMR) is derived by a linear transform to CMR. It is demonstrated that the conditional probability density function of NCMR, under the null hypothesis ( H 0 ), is independent of the clutter-plus-noise environment. Motivated by this characteristic, a constant false alarm rate detector using the modulus of NCMR as the test statistic is proposed to detect moving targets. The detection performance is evaluated with a closed-form expression of the probability of false alarm ( P FA ) derived. Moreover, the construction of the detector is extended to a so-called multi-CMRD form to accommodate even higher detection performance. Experimental results from two groups of real data are displayed to validate the statistical analysis and verify the detection performance.
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