Abstract
This paper is the first of a set of linked publications on the PISA Joint Industry Research Project, which was concerned with the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations in offshore wind applications. PISA involved large-scale pile tests in overconsolidated glacial till at Cowden, north-east England, and in dense, normally consolidated marine sand at Dunkirk, northern France. The paper presents the characterisation of the two sites, which was crucial to the design of the field experiments and advanced numerical modelling of the pile–soil interactions. The studies described, which had to be completed at an early stage of the PISA project, added new laboratory and field campaigns to historic investigations at both sites. They enabled an accurate description of soil behaviour from small strains to ultimate states to be derived, allowing analyses to be undertaken that captured both the serviceability and limit state behaviour of the test monopiles.
Highlights
To meet the need for future energy supplies that are both sustainable and secure, there is significant current worldwide growth in the installation of renewable energy systems
In the original development of the p–y method, p–y curves were determined directly from field measurements on a set of test piles. This experimental approach cannot be used in the current work for three principal reasons: (a) the field testing conducted in the PISA study is based on the use of reduced-scale monopiles; uncertainties exist on the extent to which the data can be reliably extrapolated to full-scale; (b) it is impractical to devise instrumentation systems that are capable of resolving the four separate soil reaction components that form the model; (c) appropriate soil reaction curves for a particular design scenario may, to a certain extent, depend on specific aspects of the site
Since current cyclic loading design methods are typically based on the monotonic loading response, it is important that the monotonic response can be accurately captured and predicted before the method is extended to cyclic loading
Summary
DIG¶,OE∥, This paper is the first of a set of linked publications on the PISA Joint Industry Research Project, which was concerned with the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations in offshore wind applications. The studies described, which had to be completed at an early stage of the PISA project, added new laboratory and field campaigns to historic investigations at both sites. They enabled an accurate description of soil behaviour from small strains to ultimate states to be derived, allowing analyses to be undertaken that captured both the serviceability and limit state behaviour of the test monopiles
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