Abstract
Biochemical composition was assessed in green (Ulva expansa, Caulerpa sertularioides, Rhizoclonium riparium, Codium isabelae), red (Spyridia filamentosa, Gracilaria vermiculophylla), and brown (Padina durvillaei) seaweeds collected from different tropical lagoons on the Pacific coast of Sinaloa, Mexico. Protein content was higher in C. sertularioides, S. filamentosa, and G. vermiculophylla (10–12%), followed by R. riparium, P. durvillaei, and U. expansa (8%, 6%, and 4%, respectively). Lipid content was in the range of 0.3–1.5%, with the highest value found in R. riparium. The highest content of nitrogen-free extract (i.e., carbohydrates) (69%) and the lowest ash value (25%) were assessed in P. durvillaei. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content was in the range of 5–45%, with higher values in R. riparium (45%), C. sertularioides (39%), and P. durvillaei (23%). Red seaweeds showed the highest value of cholesterol+dehydrocholesterol (>90%), while green seaweeds showed the highest contents of β-sitosterol (71–77%), except for U. expansa, for which fucosterol+isofucosterol (79%) was highest. Pigment composition was different among seaweeds but coincided with previous reports. The biochemical components used as biomarkers were assessed by principal component analysis to discriminate among assessed variables and to cluster seaweed species according to the common variability of their biochemical composition. Results showed that composition was similar within seaweed divisions but particularly different in U. expansa and P. durvillaei. Biochemical compounds that contributed to total variability were β-sitosterol, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, chlorophyll a and b, and β-carotene, and to a lesser extent fucosterol+isofocusterol and 22:6n-3. Results showed that the analyzed seaweed species may be useful for animal nutrition and appropriate for human consumption.
Highlights
Biochemical composition was assessed in green (Ulva expansa, Caulerpa sertularioides, Rhizoclonium riparium, Codium isabelae), red (Spyridia filamentosa, Gracilaria vermiculophylla), and brown (Padina durvillaei) seaweeds collected from different tropical lagoons on the Pacific coast of Sinaloa, Mexico
Lipid content was in the range of 0.3–1.5%, with the highest value found in R. riparium
Se determinó la composición bioquímica de algas verdes (Ulva expansa, Caulerpa sertularioides, Rhizoclonium riparium, Codium isabelae), rojas (Spyridia filamentosa, Gracilaria vermiculophylla) y parda (Padina durvillaei) recolectadas en diferentes lagunas tropicales en la costa del Pacífico en Sinaloa, México
Summary
Seaweeds are primary producers in all oceans and they release significant quantities of oxygen to the atmosphere (Mann 1973). The chemopreventive activities assessed in the same species evaluated in this work were demonstrated by the content of flavonoids and chlorophylls (Osuna-Ruiz et al 2016); specific lipids (i.e., polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols) and pigments (i.e., lutein, β-carotene, and fucoxanthin), which could be a source of important biochemical components with high nutritional value and with chemopreventive activity, were not analyzed This highlighted the lack of knowledge on the biochemical composition of seaweed species distributed in the tropical region off the Pacific coast of Mexico. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la composición proximal y el contenido de ácidos grasos, esteroles y pigmentos en 7 especies de algas marinas tropicales recolectadas de diferentes lagunas en la costa del Pacífico de Sinaloa, México: 1 feofita, Padina durvillaei Bory Saint-Vincent (Dictyotaceae); 2 rodofitas, Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harvey (Spyridiaceae) y Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss (Gracilariaceae); y 4 clorofitas, Ulva expansa (Setchell) Setchell & N.L. Gardner (Ulvaceae), Codium isabelae W.R. Taylor (Codiaceae), Rhizoclonium riparium (Roth) Harvey (Cladophoraceae) y Caulerpa sertularioides (SG Gmelin) M. Todos los especímenes de las algas marinas fueron limpiados in situ
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