Abstract
Gross Benefit Estimates From Reductions In Allisions, Collisions And Groundings Due To Electronic Navigational Charts
Highlights
Beginning in 1807 when President Thomas Jefferson signed an “Act to provide for surveying the coasts of the United States”, the U.S Coast Survey, later U.S Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1878 that was subsequently incorporated into NOAA when it was formed in 1970 have created thousands of nautical charts
It has been well documented that navigational effectiveness and safety is due to a number of factors including IBMS, PORTS® and Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) in addition to factors such as weather, etc
As several previous studies have pointed out, to tease precise estimates of the value of each navigation aid, let alone the synergies that can be produced when all are working together. It appears as a greater amount of navigational information is available to mariners, rates of allisions, collisions and groundings are lowered
Summary
Beginning in 1807 when President Thomas Jefferson signed an “Act to provide for surveying the coasts of the United States”, the U.S Coast Survey, later U.S Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1878 that was subsequently incorporated into NOAA when it was formed in 1970 have created thousands of nautical charts. The Office of Coast Survey (OCS) maintains more than 20 thousand historical nautical charts while maintaining its current collection of over one thousand charts.. OCS receives over 6,000 digital and hardcopy source documents each year from five main sources that account for over 70 percent of all input.. OCS receives over 6,000 digital and hardcopy source documents each year from five main sources that account for over 70 percent of all input.2 Gonsalves et al (2017) reports that the U.S Exclusive Economic Zone is about 3.4 million square nautical miles (nm). Gonsalves et al (2017) reports that the U.S Exclusive Economic Zone is about 3.4 million square nautical miles (nm2) Of this area, about 44,000 nm have been surveyed to “modern” standards. Compiling data for updating charts may take as little as six months but can take several years owing to the location, extent of the surveys required as well as competing requirements (e.g., routine or critical) from other charts.
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