Abstract
In poultry, the nervous system has many differences among species. The intumescentia lumbosacralis is one of the enlargements of the medulla spinalis, and the lumbosacral plexus originates from here. The nerves which are responsible for the innervation of the hind limbs and pelvic region originate in the lumbosacral plexus. The aim of this study was to compare the lumbar plexus (plexus lumbalis) of magpies (Pica pica) and chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). In the present study, 20 magpies and 20 chukar partridges were used. The nerves that form the lumbar plexus were dissected separately and photographed in both species. In both studied species, the lumbar plexus was formed by the ventral rami of the second, third, and fourth synsacral spinal nerves at the ventrolateral part of the synsacrum. It was noted that the nervus (n.) cutaneus femoris, n. coxalis cranialis, n. femoralis, n. saphenus, and n. obturatorius originate from this plexus. In conclusion, in both species, the formation of the lumbar plexus and the nerves that originate from this plexus are similar to each other and similar to many winged species. There are also some minimal differences.
Highlights
The magpie (Pica pica), which belongs to the family Corvidae, is the common name of bird species that comprise Urocissa, Cyanopica, and Cissa [1]
Lumbar plexus The ventral branches of the second, third, and fourth synsacral spinal nerves that compose the lumbar plexus in magpies and chukar partridges integrate with the dorsocranial side of the kidneys on the ventral surface of musculus (m.) iliotrochantericus cranialis at the ventrolateral side of the synsacrum
In birds, the cranial branch of n. furcalis was the last branch of the lumbar plexus, and its caudal branch was the first branch of the sacral plexus
Summary
The magpie (Pica pica), which belongs to the family Corvidae, is the common name of bird species that comprise Urocissa, Cyanopica, and Cissa [1]. The partridge belongs to the pheasant family (Phasianidae), which includes Alectoris and Perdix. There are many semidomesticated or wild partridge species in the world [2–4]. Birds have a special ability to descend to the earth, to perch on tree branches, to roost, and walk [5,6]. The lumbosacral canal and medulla spinalis act as a balance organ like the semicircular canals in the inner ear. The semicircular canals provide balance in the body during flight, and the lumbosacral canal and legs provide stability while birds are walking [7,8]
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