Grifola frondosa Extract Induced Acute Hepatic Injury

Abstract

Aim: To describe a case of acute hepatic injury related to the use of Grifola frondosa in a patient with colon cancer. Case Presentation: Patient is a 67 year old female with stage IV poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon, who presented with epigastric pain one month after resection of her primary tumor. A staging PET scan revealed metastasis to regional lymph nodes without solid organ involvement. Her home medications include longstanding amlodipine and losartan, and a recently started Grifola frondosa derivative. Her laboratory data was significant only for acute transaminitis (AST:967 U/L, ALT:768 U/L) without hyperbilirubinemia. Alcohol, acetaminophen, and a viral panel (EBV, CMV, hepatitis A/B/C) were all negative. A CT scan revealed heterogenous liver parenchyma without focal lesions. A subsequent liver biopsy demonstrated active portal inflammation with eosinophilic infiltration. Discussion: The etiologies of significant acute transaminitis include viral hepatitis, ischemic liver injury, acetaminophen toxicity and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Viral and ischemic hepatitis and acetaminophen toxicity were excluded based on laboratory Original Research Article British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 4(7): 1567-1576, 2014 1568 analysis and imaging studies. Liver biopsy findings demonstrating the characteristic eosinophilic infiltration of a drug reaction favored DILI as the etiology of transaminitis in this case. With a RUCAM score of 7 calculated based on history, clinical course, and objective data, DILI was concluded to be probably attributed to the patient’s recent use of the Grifola frondosa extract. Conclusion: A diagnosis of drug induced liver injury probably secondary to the use of Grifola frondosa extract was made after excluding all other causes of significant acute transaminitis.