Abstract
Presently, due to the establishment of a sensor network, residual buildings in urban areas are being converted into smart buildings. Many sensors are deployed in various buildings to perform different functions, such as water quality monitoring and temperature monitoring. However, the major concern faced in smart building Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is energy depletion and security threats. Many researchers have attempted to solve these issues by various authors in different applications of WSNs. However, limited research has been conducted on smart buildings. Thus, the present research is focused on designing an energy-efficient and secure routing protocol for smart building WSNs. The process in the proposed framework is carried out in two stages. The first stage is the design of the optimal routing protocol based on the grid-clustering approach. In the grid-based model, a grid organizer was selected based on the sailfish optimization algorithm. Subsequently, a fuzzy expert system is used to select the relay node to reach the shortest path for data transmission. The second stage involves designing a trust model for secure data transmission using the two-fish algorithm. A simulation study of the proposed framework was conducted to evaluate its performance. Some metrics, such as the packet delivery ratio, end-end delay, and average residual energy, were calculated for the proposed model. The average residual energy for the proposed framework was 96%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed routing design.
Highlights
Advancements in the field of information communication technology have paved the way for the establishment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) [1,2]
Some of the existing routing protocols related to WSNs are the hybrid hierarchical secure routing protocol (HHSRP) [12], Quality of Service (QoS)-aware Energy Balancing Secure Routing (QEBSR) [13], energy-efficient clustered gravitational and fuzzy-based routing algorithms [14], and energy-balanced zone-based routing protocols [15]
Owing to the heterogeneity of the sensor nodes in the WSNbased Internet of Things(IoT) for smart cities, one approach for scheduling the sensing activity is to cluster the sensors intoKmutually different subsets in such a way that every subset of sensors alone can cover all targets of the network
Summary
Advancements in the field of information communication technology have paved the way for the establishment of WSNs [1,2]. It is essential to design an energy-efficient routing strategy to reduce energy consumption, thereby improving the network lifetime [6,7] Following energy depletion, another major issue faced in wireless networks is security because wireless signals are subjected to various attacks. To offer better QoS, to calculate metrics such as increased packet delivery ratios, throughput, latency, decreased time delay, packet loss, and energy consumption, are needed. Some of the existing routing protocols related to WSNs are the hybrid hierarchical secure routing protocol (HHSRP) [12], QoS-aware Energy Balancing Secure Routing (QEBSR) [13], energy-efficient clustered gravitational and fuzzy-based routing algorithms [14], and energy-balanced zone-based routing protocols [15]. To design a grid-based network structure for attaining energy conservation and securing data transmission in smart building WSNs.
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