Abstract
A conceptual model of the ecological and economic development of the mountainous territorial communities of the Transcarpathian region in the context of the implementation of the administrative-territorial reform and decentralization has been proposed, it makes it possible to effectively use their natural resource, production and human potential, to increase the competitiveness of local economic systems due to the greening of economic activities. The main reasons that determine the deep differentiation in the level of social and economic development of mountain communities in comparison with the communities of the foothills and lowlands of the natural and economic zones of the region have been analyzed. Taking into account the creative factors – the presence of unique natural resources, mineral waters, landscape and climatic zones, forests, significant reserves of groundwater and surface water, historical traditions and features of their ethnic group – a model of ecological and economic development of mountain territorial communities has been proposed. The essence, stages of formation have been revealed and the range of tasks to be solved at each of these stages has been determined. Perspective directions of development of mountain communities, which brings them closer to the smart community, have been substantiated.
Highlights
An analysis of the main factors that generate deep differences in social and economic development in spatial terms shows that if at the initial stage of the economic reform they were mainly due to different starting conditions prevailing in the towns and villages of the Transcarpathian region at the beginning of the reforms, in the current conditions the dynamics of economic processes is determined by purely market factors - the level of development of entrepreneurial activity, the competitiveness of goods and services, the conditions for the formation of costs, prices, supply and demand
The study has shown that the processes of decentralization that are taking place in Ukraine predetermine the objective need to rethink the role and functions of mountain settlements and the introduction of fundamentally new organizational and economic mechanisms of their functioning. This process should be aimed at the multifunctionality of their development, achieved through the transition from monofunctional to a multi-structure economy, the introduction of a plurality of forms and types of economic activity, a flexible combination of collective and individual forms of entrepreneurship, agro-industrial integration, stimulation of the activities of various cooperative formations, the development of social infrastructure capable of providing meeting the maximum needs of the population in various services at the place of residence
The heterogeneity of the economic space, the existing differentiation in the level of development require a differentiated approach on the part of the state to the support and development of united territorial communities, the formation of special regimes of economic activity, especially in mountainous areas
Summary
An analysis of the main factors that generate deep differences in social and economic development in spatial terms shows that if at the initial stage of the economic reform they were mainly due to different starting conditions prevailing in the towns and villages of the Transcarpathian region at the beginning of the reforms, in the current conditions the dynamics of economic processes is determined by purely market factors - the level of development of entrepreneurial activity, the competitiveness of goods and services, the conditions for the formation of costs, prices, supply and demand. Taking into account the creative factors for the mountain communities of Transcarpathia, the model of ecological and economic development is promising, under the influence of which their economic priorities, sectoral structure of the economy, specialization of production, entrepreneurship development, placement of new productions by environmental criteria are formed. This criterion determines the scope of activities of all economic entities in the community and the effectiveness of their own production and human potential, the competitiveness of goods and services. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual foundations of the formation of ecological and economic model of mountain territorial communities development of the Transcarpathian region and to clarify the main characteristics of their development that bring them closer to smart-communities
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