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Abstract
Deep carbon pool in permafrost regions is an important component of the global terrestrial carbon cycle. However, the greenhouse gas production from deep permafrost soils is not well understood. Here, using soils collected from 5-m deep permafrost cores from meadow and wet meadow on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), we investigated the effects of temperature on CO2 and N2O production under aerobic incubations and CH4 production under anaerobic incubations. After a 35-day incubation, the CO2, N2O and CH4 production at −2 °C to 10 °C were 0.44~2.12 mg C-CO2/g soil C, 0.0027~0.097 mg N-N2O/g soil N, and 0.14~5.88 μg C-CH4/g soil C, respectively. Greenhouse gas production in deep permafrost is related to the C:N ratio and stable isotopes of soil organic carbon (SOC), whereas depth plays a less important role. The temperature sensitivity (Q10) values of the CO2, N2O and CH4 production were 1.67–4.15, 3.26–5.60 and 5.22–10.85, without significant differences among different depths. These results indicated that climate warming likely has similar effects on gas production in deep permafrost and surface soils. Our results suggest that greenhouse gas emissions from both the deep permafrost and surface soils to the air will increase under future climate change.
Highlights
High-mountain environments experience more rapid changes in temperature than those at lower elevations[1]
We hypothesized that 1) the production of greenhouse gas, including CO2, CH4 and N2O, of the different permafrost layers is comparable to that in high-latitude permafrost regions throughout the deep soils; 2) the production of greenhouse gas in the deep permafrost is sensitive to temperature increases independent of depth; and 3) the production of greenhouse gas is related to the water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) content
We collected ~5 m long soil cores from meadows and wet meadows in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) (Table 1) and measured the greenhouse gas emissions of the soils sampled at different depths of these cores
Summary
High-mountain environments experience more rapid changes in temperature than those at lower elevations[1]. We collected ~5 m long soil cores from meadows and wet meadows in the permafrost region of the QTP (Table 1) and measured the greenhouse gas emissions of the soils sampled at different depths of these cores. When the greenhouse gas emissions were expressed using a dried soil base, all of the emissions were significantly correlated with soil water, SOC and TN contents (Table 2, supplementary information Dataset 1).
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