Abstract
Comparison of green and chemical precipitation method syntheses of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed, and antimicrobial properties were investigated. Avocado, mango, and papaya fruit extracts were carried out for the green synthesising methods, while the chemical precipitation method was chosen from chemical synthesis methods. Zinc nitrate was used as a salt precursor, whereas leaf extract was served as a reducing agent for green synthesising methods. In addition, sodium hydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and potassium hydroxide were used as reducing agents in the case of chemical precipitation synthesis methods. ZnO NPs were characterised by characterizing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activities of prepared nanoparticles were evaluated on Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The particle sizes of the prepared samples which were evaluated by the Scherrer equation were in the range of 11-21 nm for green synthesis, while 30-40 nm for chemical precipitation synthesis methods. Small agglomerations were observed from SEM results of prepared ZnO NPs from both methods. Prepared ZnO NPs were showed strong antimicrobial properties. From the result, the inhibition zone was in the range of 15-24 mm for the green route and 7–15 mm for chemical precipitation methods, where the standard drugs have 25 mm of the zone of inhibition. A green synthesised method of preparing ZnO NPs gives promising antimicrobial properties compared to chemical synthesis and is also eco-friendly and safe compared to the chemical synthesis.
Highlights
In the previous period, nanoscience and technology of nanocomposite materials are emerging in material science fields
Green synthesising methods of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from avocado, mango, and papaya extracts and chemical synthesis by hydrothermal methods were depicted in Figures 1(a) and
Mango, and papaya fruit extracts were carried out for the green synthesising methods, while the chemical precipitation method was chosen from chemical synthesis methods
Summary
Nanoscience and technology of nanocomposite materials are emerging in material science fields It manipulates matter at the atomic scale that produces a nanoproduct of new novel properties [1]. [7] Nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide range of applications along with memory schematics and cordless electronic logic as well as chemical sensing and electrometers as well as computer transistors. They have antibacterial and catalytic behaviour as well as magnetic characteristics, mechanical resistance, and conductivity. Through the use of NP characterisation, it is possible to determine the direction, fractal sizes, crystallinity, and a number of the interactivities
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