Abstract
Free-space optics (FSO) and Millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies are envisioned to be a major part of next generation wireless backhauling solutions. The FSO technology offers a fiber-like high data rate and low deployment cost, but suffers from reliability and availability problems caused by adverse weather conditions. On the other hand, the mmWave technology offers a more reliable backhauling solution, but is limited in communication range and throughput compared to the FSO technology. While both of these technologies have been investigated in recent times, none of the existing research explored the energy efficiency aspect of the hybrid FSO/mmWave backhauling solution. This research investigates the green backhauling challenge of the hybrid FSO/mmWave backhauling system. We derive two analytical models, one for FSO links and the other for mmWave links, to measure the backhaul power consumption in 5G systems. We then formulate the green backhauling challenge as a mixed integer linear programming, which considers network traffic variation and weather condition (e.g., fog, rain, and wind) and finds the optimum backhauling path. Simulation results confirm that the proposed green backhauling solution consumes 27% less energy compared to existing solutions.
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