Green-synthesized Silver Nanoparticle as Effective Antibiofilm Agent

Abstract

Biofilm is the sessile group of organisms that adhere irreversibly with the biotic and abiotic surface with the help of pilli and extracellular polymeric substance [EPS] which comprises of carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids that provides nutrition to the developing microcolonies and it also prevents the penetration of drug molecules upto the cells thus rendering antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotics are still considered to be one of the potent antimicrobial agents which helps in removing the biofilm. This results in the overuse of antibiotics thereby developing antibiotic resistance within the microorganisms. Thus an alternative pathway to develop compounds or materials having potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties is the need of present hour. Nanoparticles have at least one dimension and are extremely small in size ranging between 1-100 nm so it can easily penetrate in the cells of the microorganisms. But over use of this metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles can cause toxic effect on the living cells. Thus, green synthesized nanoparticles are very useful alternative because it is made up from natural sources and are less harmful to living beings. Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles has provided an alternate pathway in removing the biofilm being formed upon the biotic and abiotic surfaces. This review provides an overall concept upon the synthesis and the mode of action of Ag-NPs.