Green synthesized silver and copper nanoparticles induced changes in biomass parameters, secondary metabolites production, and antioxidant activity in callus cultures of Artemisia absinthium L.

Khizar Hayat,Saif Ullah,Shahid Ali,Mubashir Hussain,Yujie Fu

doi:10.1515/gps-2021-0010

Khizar Hayat, Saif Ullah + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2021-0010

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Abstract

Abstract Artemisia absinthium L. is a highly medicinal plant with a broad range of biomedical applications. A. absinthium callus cultures were established in response to bio-fabricated single NPs (Ag and Cu) or a combination of both NPs (Ag and Cu) in different ratios (1:2, 2:1, 1:3, and 3:1) along with thidiazuron (TDZ) (4 mg/L) to elicit the biomass accumulation, production of non-enzymatic compounds, antioxidative enzymes, and antioxidant activity. Silver and copper nanoparticles (Ag and Cu NPs) were synthesized using the leaves of Moringa oleifera as reducing and capping agent and further characterized through UV-Visible spectroscopy and SEM. The 30 µg/L suspension of Ag and Cu NPs (1:2, 2:1) and 4 mg/L TDZ showed 100% biomass accumulation as compared to control (86%). TDZ in combination with Ag NPs enhanced biomass in the log phases of growth kinetics. The Cu NPs alone enhanced the superoxide dismutase activity (0.56 nM/min/mg FW) and peroxidase activity (0.31 nM/min/mg FW) in callus cultures. However, the combination of Ag and Cu NPs with TDZ induced significant total phenolic (7.31 µg/g DW) and flavonoid contents (9.27 µg/g DW). Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was highest (86%) in the Ag and Cu NPs (3:1) augmented media. The present study provides the first evidence of bio-fabricated single NPs (Ag and Cu) or a combination of both NPs (Ag and Cu) in different ratios (1:2, 2:1, 1:3, and 3:1) along with TDZ (4 mg/L) on the development of callus culture, production of endogenous enzymes, non-enzymatic components, and further antioxidant activity in callus cultures of A. absinthium.

Highlights

Artemisia absinthium is commonly known as “wormwood” belonging to the family Asteraceae and used as herbal medicine in Asia, North Africa, Europe, and Middle East [1]
In vitro callus culture techniques will reduce the time required for the mericlones development and production of antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic compounds, and antioxidant activity, which are either problematic to synthesize under laboratory conditions or produced in less quantity in parental plants [8]
To study the initial synthesis of NPs, the product produced by the reaction of plant extract and corresponding salts is monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy

Summary

Introduction

Artemisia absinthium is commonly known as “wormwood” belonging to the family Asteraceae and used as herbal medicine in Asia, North Africa, Europe, and Middle East [1]. A. absinthium was used because of its diuretic and antispasmodic properties [2], vermifuge, trematocidal [3], bitter, insecticidal properties [4], and against diarrhoea, cough, and common cold [5]. Aerial parts of wormwood are renowned to possess antisnake venom activity [6]. A. absinthium possess a broad range of biological properties including antitumor, neurotoxic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, anthelmintic, and antiprotozoal [7]. The production of A. absinthium in natural repositories is less as compared to its requirements as pharmacological implications. Fewer studies have been reported on in vitro production of A. absinthium. In vitro callus culture techniques will reduce the time required for the mericlones development and production of antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic compounds, and antioxidant activity, which are either problematic to synthesize under laboratory conditions or produced in less quantity in parental plants [8]

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