Abstract
AbstractPlatinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have attracted interest in catalysis and biomedical applications due to their unique structural, optical, and catalytic properties. However, the conventional synthesis of Pt NPs using the chemical and physical methods is constrained by the use of harmful and costly chemicals, intricate preparation requirement, and high energy utilization. Hence, this review emphasizes on the green synthesis of Pt NPs using plant extracts as an alternative approach due to its simplicity, convenience, inexpensiveness, easy scalability, low energy requirement, environmental friendliness, and minimum usage of hazardous materials and maximized efficiency of the synthesis process. The underlying complex processes that cover the green synthesis (biosynthesis) of Pt NPs were reviewed. This review affirms the effects of different critical parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) on the size and shape of the synthesized Pt NPs. For instance, the average particle size of Pt NPs was reported to decrease with increasing pH, reaction temperature, and concentration of plant extract.
Highlights
In current times, inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered immense research interest in the field of science and technology [1,2]
Green synthesis: Proposed mechanism and factors influencing the synthesis of Pt NPs 387 proposed reaction mechanism of reduction, and stabilizes Pt NPs, in addition to the parameters that influence the biosynthesis of Pt NPs
The modification and functionalization of Pt NPs for biomedical uses are directed by recently obtained data, which revealed that the physicochemical properties, dispersivity, and stability of the NPs in a biological environment play key roles in determining their safety or toxic levels
Summary
Green synthesis: Proposed mechanism and factors influencing the synthesis of Pt NPs 387 proposed reaction mechanism of reduction, and stabilizes Pt NPs, in addition to the parameters (e.g., pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) that influence the biosynthesis of Pt NPs
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