Abstract
Biological green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver salts is a growing advanced approach to avoid the requirement of costly instruments and involvement of hazardous chemicals as well. However, increasing use of AgNPs raises potential toxicity level in the environment. In this investigation, leaf extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for biosynthesis of AgNPs. The biosynthesized AgNPs were authorized by UV-vis spectrophotometer and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The shape and size of the biosynthesized AgNPs were studied using high resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM). The toxicity of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on wheat and tomato plants was studied by soaking wheat grains and tomato seeds in 100 mg/L AgNPs and follow its effect on seedling growth of wheat (at 10 days) and on vegetative growth of tomato and wheat plants (at 35 days). Some physiological parameters as germination percentage of wheat seedling, length of seedling, dry weight, pigment fractions (chl.a, chl.b and caroteinoids), soluble proteins, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) of two plants were measured. AgNPs has a non-significant inhibitory effect on germination percentage of wheat, dry weight and pigment fractions. The biosynthesized AgNPs has a noticeable stress effect on tomato plant as reduced chlorophyll a and dry weight. Generally, AgNPs stimulate MDA accumulation in tomato and wheat plants. There was a noticeable different effect of AgNPs on soluble proteins and antioxidant enzymes as catalase and peroxidase among tomato and wheat plants.
Highlights
Metal nanoparticles were widely used in different application with the rapid growth of nanotechnology
The toxicity of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on wheat and tomato plants was studied by soaking wheat grains and tomato seeds in 100 mg/L AgNPs and follow its effect on seedling growth of wheat and on vegetative growth of tomato and wheat plants
Since metabolic nanoparticles were widely used as a rapid growth of nanotechnology and for the concern about the action of AgNPs as a phytotoxicity agent and may be has a desired effect environment, our goal in this investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of rosemary biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on germination percentage and seedling growth of wheat and vegetative growth of wheat and tomato plants to detect its mode of action either its positive or negative action
Summary
Metal nanoparticles were widely used in different application with the rapid growth of nanotechnology. Results of Ag nanoparticles impaired the stages of cell division and caused cell disintegration (Yin et al, 2012) Due to their physiochemical properties AgNPs can act as catalyst and produce reactive oxygen species, ROS, (Choi et al, 2008). Since metabolic nanoparticles were widely used as a rapid growth of nanotechnology and for the concern about the action of AgNPs as a phytotoxicity agent and may be has a desired effect environment, our goal in this investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of rosemary biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on germination percentage and seedling growth of wheat and vegetative growth of wheat and tomato plants to detect its mode of action either its positive or negative action. The response of some enzymatic activities of both plant were taken into our consideration
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