Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using dry leaf aqueous extract of Pongamia glabra Vent (Fab.), Characterization and phytofungicidal activity

Abstract

The anti-fungal activity of freshly prepared liquid silver nanoparticles and its silver nano ions capped with Pongamia glabra dry leaf aqueous extract (PG-AgNPs) were determined against Rhizopus nigricans at laboratory conditions. From 3.0 to 5.0 ml, PG-AgNPs drastically and significantly reduced R. nigricans mycelia weight, reduced spore count when compared to a crude extract of P. glabra shows the efficacy of bio nanosilver ions. The results confirmed that the P. glabra dry leaves extracts are an excellent ecofriendly, and a reliable source for the synthesis of AgNPs as compared to the conventional methods. Pongamia glabra is a medicinal as well as a pesticidal plant having diverse phytochemicals. The synthesized silver nanoparticles physical nature, structure, size were characterized. We hypothesized that PGDL aqueous extract found to produce stable silver nanoparticles at room temperature having antimicrobial activity useful in post-harvest against seeds infecting pathogenic bacteria. Maximum absorbance was observed at 430 nm and synthesis takes place within 60 min and took 3 h for stabilization. Bionano ions size is in the range between 6.60–52.2 nm with an average size of 29 nm. Amines are responsible for the reduction process whereas amides as capping agents. Therefore, P. glabra leaves provide future opportunities in nano-fungicide by tagging nanoparticles.