Abstract
Sudan has a tremendous wealth flora due to its unique geographical location and diverse climate. Vast records of plants and plants’ secondary metabolites are reported to possess redox capacity and can be exploited for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles is preferred due to their availability and their various metabolites. The present review explores the potentiality and diversity of biological activities of silver nanoparticles that originated from the combination of silver and phyto-constituents of mostly traditionally used Sudanese medicinal and aromatic plants. The green synthesis methods of silver nanoparticles mediated by more than 45 traditionally used medicinal plants are critically reviewed. In addition, parameters that affect the synthesis of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles, their characterization techniques and various biological activities are summarized and discussed. Thus, the study of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its applications can be extended to involve vast plant diversity of Sudan.
Highlights
Nanoparticles that are defined to have at least their dimensions in the range of 1–100 nm have received steadily growing interest as a result of their unusual properties, arrangement to form superstructures and applications superior to their bulk counterparts
The nanoparticles are unlike bulk counterparts; their characteristics properties are governed by the rules of quantum mechanics rather than classical physics [1]
The current review describes the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by several medicinal plants
Summary
Nanoparticles that are defined to have at least their dimensions in the range of 1–100 nm have received steadily growing interest as a result of their unusual properties, arrangement to form superstructures and applications superior to their bulk counterparts. Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles is developing into a new and important branch of nanotechnology It has emerged and gained importance because it is eco environmental and effective cost, with lesser toxicity when related to chemical hazards [4]. For example (1) less toxic and hazardous materials and environmentally benign solvents, (2) simple, rapid and cost effective, (3) consumes less energy and performs under moderate operation conditions, (4) combines the potency of both silver nanoparticles and plant active ingredients. In this respect, plant-mediated silver nanoparticles have been reported to possess more biological activities than nanoparticles synthesized by chemical methods [5]. Many researchers have found that the concentrations of plant extract affect largely the shape and size and the nanoparticles biological activities [13, 14, 18, 19, 21, 26, 27]
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