Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Wound Healing Efficacy Using a Murine Model.

Vajravathi Lakkim,Ch Venkata Reddy,Inamuddin Inamuddin,Kakarla Raghava Reddy,Roja Rani Pallavali,Madhava C Reddy,Anwar L Bilgrami,Dakshayani Lomada

doi:10.3390/antibiotics9120902

Abstract

Green nanotechnology has significant applications in various biomedical science fields. In this study, green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, prepared by using Catharanthus roseus and Azadirachta indica extracts, were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized from leaf extracts of C. roseus and A. indica effectively inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from patients with septic wound infections. The maximum bacteriolytic activity of the green-synthesized Ag NPs of C. roseus and A. indica against the MDR bacterium K. Pneumoniae was shown by a zone of inhibition of 19 and 16 mm, respectively. C. roseus Ag NPs exhibited more bacteriolytic activity than A. indica Ag NPs in terms of the zone of inhibition. Moreover, these particles were effective in healing wounds in BALB/c mice. Ag NPs of C. roseus and A. indica enhanced wound healing by 94% ± 1% and 87% ± 1%, respectively. Our data suggest that Ag NPs from C. roseus and A. indicia ameliorate excision wounds, and wound healing could be due to their effective antimicrobial activity against MDR bacteria. Hence, these Ag NPs could be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of wounds.

Highlights

Burn injuries, wounds, and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are global public health problems and a leading cause of mortality and amputations
X-ray analysis (SEM-energy dispersive X-ray (EDX)), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses; we showed their antibacterial efficacy against MDR bacteria and wound healing capacity using an animal model
Ag NPs were synthesized from C. roseus (C Ag NPs) and A. indica (A Ag NPs) leaf extracts; the development of a brownish color was observed immediately after adding phytoextracts to 1 mM

Summary

Introduction

Wounds, and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are global public health problems and a leading cause of mortality and amputations. The healing of burns, wounds, and DFUs involves a dynamic and complex network that requires continuous communication between cells in the form of Antibiotics 2020, 9, 902; doi:10.3390/antibiotics9120902 www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics. Nanoparticles have played a role in delivering drugs, light, heat, and many substances to specific cancer cells in several biological applications. Metal nanoparticles are eminently illustrated as having antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities and play a role in wound healing [3,4,5]. Silver(Ag) was widely used as an antimicrobial agent to treat wound infections [6].after the discovery and abundant application of antibiotics, silver usage subsided because of its toxic nature and the easy applicability of antibiotics. Researchers have gained interest in using silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coupled with phytochemicals for use as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer agents [7]

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