Green synthesis of palladium nanoparticles using fenugreek tea and their catalytic applications in organic reactions

Abstract

In this communication, we present the fenugreek tea aided green synthesis of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs@FT). The synthesized PdNPs were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), small area electron diffraction (SAED), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FT-IR manifested that polyol and amide groups present in fenugreek may have participated in the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles. PdNPs@FT exhibited high catalytic activity towards hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. PdNPs@FT catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction between bromobenzene and phenyl boronic acid gave desired biphenyl in excellent yield.