Green synthesis of hydrolyzed starch–chitosan nano-composite as drug delivery system to gram negative bacteria

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the improvement of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) activity by incorporation into green based nano-composite and control the antibiotic release to increase its bioavailability. Microbial glycoside hydrolases support the enzymatic processing of starch to obtain hydrolyzed starch. Synthesis of hydrolyzed starch/chitosan loaded with CIP (HS/Ch-NC) was carried out via the green ecofriendly method. Characterization analyses of prepared nano-composite were included fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TGA and DTGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope(SEM), mapping and transmission electron microscope (TEM) approved the synthesis of composite in nano-scale in spherical shape with average particle size 291 nm. In vitro drug release study of nano-composite HS/Ch-NC showed a rapid initial release rate was about 86% within 20 h. HS/Ch-NC showed high activity against gram negative bacterial strains due to the successful released of CIP from the HS/Ch-NC into the tested bacterial strains with the lowest concentration, 62.5 and 125 μg/ml for Enterobacter aerogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. Additionally, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio was observed that the HS/Ch-NC has bacteriostatic effect toward two tested organisms.