Abstract
A simple and green approach for the synthesis of polyphenol-functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets is demonstrated, using leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis as a deoxygenating agent. The C. colocynthis polyphenols also play a significant role as a stabilizing agent, preventing agglomeration of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. Cytotoxicity tests showed that the both graphene oxide and Citrullus colocynthis polyphenol-stabilized reduced graphene oxide were toxic to DU145 cells; the cytotoxicity was dose dependent. Hence, C. colocynthis–mediated reduced graphene oxide may be an ideal anticancer material for biological study applications.
Highlights
Graphene is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial that has attracted much attention due to its outstanding physical, chemical, and electronic properties.[1]
We report an eco-friendly approach for the preparation of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using Citrullus colocynthis leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent
We showed a facile, low-cost, green preparation method for the deoxygenation of graphene oxide (GO) using C. colocynthis leaf extract polyphenols
Summary
Graphene is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial that has attracted much attention due to its outstanding physical, chemical, and electronic properties.[1]. Plant extracts contain different polyphenols, such as gallic acid and tannic acid, which play a key role as reducing and capping agents during the preparation of gold and silver nanoparticles. These polyphenols may act as reducing agents during the reduction of GO and would be converted to their quinone forms.[16,17] The resulting oxidized extract polyphenols will functionalize the RGO sheets produced. GO, the starting material for the synthesis of RGO, was prepared from graphite powder by following a modified Hummers method.[26] About 50 mL of C. colocynthis leaf extract was mixed with 50 mL of GO (1 mg mLÀ1) and shaken thoroughly. The peaks in the chromatogram were identified by comparing the retention times of reference compounds with those of analytes present in the extract
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