Green synthesis of gold nanaoparticles using Delphinium Chitralense tuber extracts, their characterization and enzyme inhibitory potential.

M. Ali,Zainab Zainab,N. M. Khan,I. Khan,A. Ullah,S. Ahmad,F. Ali,S. Alghamdi,M. Ahmad,H. Ahmad,M. Almehmadi,H. Hussain

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.257622

Abstract

Green synthesis has been introduced as an alternative to chemical synthesis due to the serious consequences. Metal nanoparticles synthesized through green approach have different pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural applications. The present study followed a green and simple route for the preparation of potentially bioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Au NPs were prepared via green synthesis approach using crude basic alkaloidal portion of the tuber of Delphinium chitralense. The green synthesized Au NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Morphological analysis shows that Au NPs have cubic geometry with different sizes. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the synthesis of Au NPs while XRD proved their pure crystalline phase. The Au NPs showed promising dose dependent inhibition of both AChE and BChE as compared to the crude as well as standard drug.

Highlights

Nanoparticles are materials having at least one dimension less than 100 nm (Khan et al, 2019)
In biomedical applications Au NPs are employed as a potential candidates in different fields such as in bio-sensing (Baek et al, 2020; Panariello et al, 2020; Chen et al, 2020), antibiotic agents (Rotimi et al, 2019; Katas et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2020; Shikha et al, 2020), drug delivery (Fuller et al, 2020), cancer treatment (Rajeshkumar, 2016; Attaalmanan et al, 2020), enzyme inhibitory agent (Badeggi et al, 2020; Hameed et al, 2020; Zainab et al, 2021) etc
The green synthesized Au NPs are more deeply examined via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis as shown in the Figure 2, which support the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis

Summary

Introduction

Nanoparticles are materials having at least one dimension less than 100 nm (Khan et al, 2019). Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are a promising class of nanomaterials having varieties of applications and widely employed in catalysis, medicine, cancer hyperthermia treatment, biotechnology, infrared radiation absorbing optics, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optoelectronics, photoacoustic imaging, photothermal therapy and targeted drug delivery (Polte et al, 2010; Aljabali et al, 2018; Chen et al, 2018; Slepička et al, 2019; Fan et al, 2020). In biomedical applications Au NPs are employed as a potential candidates in different fields such as in bio-sensing (Baek et al, 2020; Panariello et al, 2020; Chen et al, 2020), antibiotic agents (Rotimi et al, 2019; Katas et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2020; Shikha et al, 2020), drug delivery (Fuller et al, 2020), cancer treatment (Rajeshkumar, 2016; Attaalmanan et al, 2020), enzyme inhibitory agent (Badeggi et al, 2020; Hameed et al, 2020; Zainab et al, 2021) etc. According to the available literature, Delphinium chitralense is used for the first time for the green synthesis of Au NPs and the enzyme inhibitory activity of Au NPs are still unreported

Collections of samples and extraction

Synthesis of Au NPs

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition assays

Morphological study

FTIR, XRD and UV-Visible analysis

Enzyme inhibition activity

Conclusion