Abstract
The cellulose/graphene oxide (GO) networks as the scaffold of free-standing aerogel electrodes are developed by using lithium bromide aqueous solution, as the solvent, to ensure the complete dissolution of cotton linter pulp and well dispersion/reduction of GO nanosheets. Polyaniline (PANI) nanoclusters are then coated onto cellulose/GO networks via in-situ polymerization of aniline monomers. By optimized weight ratio of GO and PANI, the ternary cellulose/GO3.5/PANI aerogel film exhibits well-defined three-dimensional porous structures and high conductivity of 1.15 S/cm, which contributes to its high areal specific capacitance of 1218 mF/cm2 at the current density of 1.0 mA/cm2. Utilizing this cellulose/GO3.5/PANI aerogel film as electrodes in a symmetric configuration supercapacitor can result in an outstanding energy density as high as 258.2 µWh/cm2 at a power density of 1201.4 µW/cm2. Moreover, the device can maintain nearly constant capacitance under different bending deformations, suggesting its promising applications in flexible electronics.
Highlights
The increasing development of wearable electronic devices has triggered an urgent demand for the adaptive power system to provide sufficient energy for long-term operations
Free‐standing cellulose/graphene oxide (GO)/PANI composite aerogels can be delicately synthesized by in‐situ polymerization of aniline in the cellulose/GO three‐dimensional frameworks
The cellulose/GO/PANI aerogels can serve as electrode materials in the absence of any other binders, and retain high flexibility that can be bent to a large degree
Summary
The increasing development of wearable electronic devices has triggered an urgent demand for the adaptive power system to provide sufficient energy for long-term operations. Recent studies have focused on developing highly flexible, free-standing, and binder-free electrodes using cost-effective and renewable raw polymeric materials [5,6,7]. In this scenario, commercial cellulose products, such as A4 paper, air-laid paper, and Kimwipes, as well as various kinds of nanocellulose (e.g., cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and cellulose nanoyarn (CNY)), have been frequently used as sustainable, flexible and foldable scaffolds as structural matrixes for the conducting fillers in supercapacitors [8,9,10,11]
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