Abstract
A heterogeneous and magnetically recyclable Ni–chitosan nanocatalyst was synthesized and thoroughly characterized by powder Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, etc. It was effectively utilized in the eco-friendly synthesis of new C5–C6-unsubstituted 1,4-DHPs under ultrasonic irradiation. The important focus of the methodology was to develop an environmentally friendly protocol with a short reaction time and a simple reaction procedure. The other advantages of this protocol are a wide substrate scope, a very good product yield, the use of an eco-friendly solvent and a recyclable nanocatalyst, as well as reaction at room temperature.
Highlights
Homogeneous catalysts, despite having an outstanding application in the field of synthetic chemistry, suffer various notable disadvantages, such as difficulties in the recovery and reuse of the catalyst
Efforts towards heterogenization of the catalytic systems used in the field of environmental chemistry keep growing day by day
The spectroscopic Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) study revealed the interaction between the metal and the NH2 and OH groups of chitosan
Summary
Homogeneous catalysts, despite having an outstanding application in the field of synthetic chemistry, suffer various notable disadvantages, such as difficulties in the recovery and reuse of the catalyst. These drawbacks can cause both economic and environmental concerns that strongly reduce the applicability in various organic syntheses. Efforts towards heterogenization of the catalytic systems used in the field of environmental chemistry keep growing day by day.
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