Green Synthesis of Ag, Cu and AgCu Nanoparticles using Palm Leaves Extract as the Reducing and Stabilizing Agents

Abstract

This paper reports the green synthesis of Ag, Cu and AgCu nanoparticles at room temperature using palm leaves extract. The purpose of this study is to eliminate the use of chemicals in the synthesis of nanoparticles and evaluate the efficiency of the palm leaves extract as the reducing and stabilizing agents. The palm leaves extract was added to metal salt solution and continuously stirred until reaction completed. The produced nanoparticles were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analyses revealed that palm leaves extract has efficiently reduced the silver ions, but not the copper ions. During synthesis of AgCu nanoparticles, simultaneous reduction was occurred leading to formation of alloyed nanoparticles. Biomolecules from the palm leaves extract adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles forming a capping layer thus stabilized the nanoparticles. The produced Ag and Cu nanoparticles were predominantly spherical with the particle size of Cu nanoparticles were larger than Ag nanoparticles. The AgCu nanoparticles closely resembled the Ag nanoparticles due to high Ag content with average size of 13nm. Therefore, palm leaves extract has a potential to be a good reducing and stabilizing agents.