Green Synthesis and Evaluation of 3-(Aryl)-2-Thioxo-2,3-Dihydroquinazolin- 4(1H)-ones as Novel Anticonvulsant Drugs

Abstract

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizure attacks which are caused by an abnormal electrical discharge in the brain. Currently, there is a need for improved medicinal agents to treat epilepsy, since the currently available drugs are effective only in 60-80% of epileptic patients. So the indirect type of molecular modeling study was carried out to find out the 3D structural similarity between some reported anticonvulsant drugs and the newly designed quinazolinone derivatives. Thus, a new series of 3-(aryl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones were synthesized using an appropriate synthetic route. Microwave radiation provides an alternate to conventional heating for rapid synthesis of drug molecules. The ideal features of microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) involve reduction of time for a chemical reaction, instantaneous and uniform heating, carrying out solvent free reactions, and possibility of parallel synthesis. It has proved a bonanza for the researchers involved in drug development and discovery processes such as high-speed combinatorial chemistry. In aqueous mediums, it has resulted in the development of relatively sustainable and environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of novel drugs. MAOS under controlled conditions has many applications in the field of medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research. All the newly synthesized compounds were produced in good yield and characterized by I.R, 1H-NMR, and LC-MASS and also evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity by maximal electroshock (MES) model in rats. These findings are helpful to design better quinazolinone derivatives as novel antiepileptic drugs.