Green Synthesis and Characterization of silver nanoparticles using Kinnow mandarian peels extract and its application in Shampoo Formulation

Abstract

Nanoparticles are being viewed as fundamental building blocks of nanotechnology. The most important and distinct property of nanoparticles is that they exhibit larger surface area to volume ratio. The most effectively studied nanoparticles today are those made from noble metals, in particular Ag, Pt, Au, and Pd. Silver nanoparticles have various applications such as biomedical devices, biosensors, catalysis, electronics and pharmaceuticals. In this study rapid, simple and eco-friendly approach was applied for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Kinnow mandarian aqueous peel extract as the reducing agent as well as capping agent. The reaction process is simple for the formation of stable silver nanoparticles at room temperature by using the bio waste of the fruit peel. The synthesis of nanoparticles has been monitored by UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). Synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition the synthesized nanoparticles were incorporated in the shampoo formulation. The shampoo formulations containing synthesised silver nanoparticles were evaluated for physical appearance, solid content, pH, foamability, surface tension and dirt dispersion test. Anti microbial activity was tested against pathogenic microbes Escherichia coli. and Candida albicanas. It was concluded that shampoo formulation containing silver nano particles showed enhanced antimicrobial activity as compared to shampoo formulation not containing silver nano particle and standard antimicrobial agents.