Abstract
This study contributes to green innovation management literature by examining the relationships among firm’s green strategic intent, intellectual capital (human, organizational, and relational), and green process innovation performance. Building on the resource-based view of the firm, we argue that the green strategic intent of the firm impacts positively green process innovation performance via green intellectual capital. Analyses of multi-source data from 514 managers in 257 firms (257 top managers evaluating green strategic intent and green intellectual capital, and 257 safety or environmental managers evaluating green process innovation performance) show the following results. Green strategic intent plays a strong role in the deployment of green intellectual capital. While all of these capitals substantially contribute to green process innovation performance, green human capital has the strongest effects. Green organizational capital positively moderates the effect of green relational capital on green process innovation performance, whereas it negatively moderates the effect of green human capital. That is, a green organizational capital appears to be very important for absorbing the benefits of green relational capital as external capabilities, but there are decreasing returns to leveraging multiple types (institutional, individual efforts) of internal capabilities.
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