Green Simple Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Kanamycin Sulfate using Eosin and Vanillin Reagents

Abstract

Two green and simple spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of kanamycin sulfate (KNM) in its dosage forms. Method I is based on formation of a binary complex with eosin in citric phosphate buffer pH 3.5 and the product was measured at 548 nm. Method II depends on the reaction of KNM with vanillin in borate buffer pH 12 to produce a colored chromogen, which showed maximum absorbance at 404 nm. Different experimental variables influencing development and stability of the colored products were optimized. Validation of the developed procedures regarding linearity, ranges, precision, accuracy, robustness and limits of detection and quantification was performed. The absorbance-concentration plots were found linear over KNM ranges of 1-5 and 5-30 μg/mL for methods I and II respectively. The validated methods were successfully applied to the analysis of commercial suspension containing the drug. The main advantages of the proposed methods are being simple, inexpensive, green (done almost entirely in aqueous media) and with no requirement for laborious extraction procedures.