Abstract
The presence of tetracyclines in soil and surface water is an emerging concern. The present study was undertaken to investigate remediation of tetracylines (tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC)) from aqueous solution using vetiver grass, water lettuce, and sunflower and root exudates of water lettuce, sunflower and from soil by tomato, Indian mustard and carrot plant. The data of this study denote that vetiver grass, water lettuce, sunflower remedy tetracyclines from water. The remediation % after 63 days of treatment was 87-61 for TC; 88-68 for OTC and 87-68 for CTC. The remediation of tetracyclines at lower concentration of antibiotics in presence of root exudates of water lettuce and sunflower was more than 99% and remediation was faster than water lettuce or sunflower. The remediation of tetracyclines from aqueous solution may be due to oxidation of-OH group(s) of tetracycline through a process that is thought to involve reactive oxygen intermediates and/or role of peroxidase enzyme. The plant crops viz., tomato, Indian mustard and carrot can remedy 41%-72% of amended tetracyclines. The maximum bioaccumulation of TC and CTC was in Indian mustard and OTC was maximally bioaccumulated in tomato.
Highlights
Environmental pollution is a global problem that affects both the developing and developed countries [1]
Remediation from water: The results of this study denote that vetiver grass, water lettuce and sunflower remediate tetracyclines from water
While sunflower has most remediating affinity for OTC and remediation was in the order sunflower > water lettuce > vetiver grass and water lettuce removes most efficiently CTC followed by sunflower
Summary
Environmental pollution is a global problem that affects both the developing and developed countries [1]. Common organic pollutants are pesticides, oil spills, personal care products and antibiotics Antibiotics since their inception are used for the treatment of infections in humans and animals but used as a food supplement to promote growth of animals [2] too. In terms of their production and usage worldwide, tetracycline antibiotics were in the second place in ranking order. A number of researchers [6,7,8] during their studies reported detection of TCs at around 0.15 μg·L−1 in ground and surface water, 86 - 199 μg·kg−1 in soils, 4 mg·kg−1 in liquid manure and 3 μg·L−1 in farm lagoons
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