Abstract
Enzyme catalyzed reactions are green alternative approaches to functionalize polymers compared to conventional methods. This technique is especially advantageous due to the high selectivity, high efficiency, milder reaction conditions, and recyclability of enzymes. Selected reactions can be conducted under solventless conditions without the application of metal catalysts. Hence this process is becoming more recognized in the arena of biomedical applications, as the toxicity created by solvents and metal catalyst residues can be completely avoided. In this review we will discuss fundamental aspects of chemical reactions biocatalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B, and their application to create new functionalized polymers, including the regio- and chemoselectivity of the reactions.
Highlights
Enzyme catalyzed reactions are green alternative approaches to functionalize polymers compared to conventional methods
Enzyme-catalyzed polymer functionalization carried out under solventless conditions is a great advancement in the design of green processes for biomedical applications, where the toxicity of solvents and catalyst residues needs to be considered
The polymers obtained through this method are free from any metal catalyst, which often broadens the application of the products, for biomedical use
Summary
“Green chemistry” is still an emerging field that strives to work at the molecular level to achieve sustainability. Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of triglyceride substrates into fatty acids and glycerol at the lipid-water interface in vivo They are widely used in esterification, transesterification, aminolysis, and Michael addition reactions in organic solvents [7]. These enzymes display almost no activity as long as. Important chemical reactions, transesterification, Michael addition and epoxidation can be performed under much milder conditions exploiting the catalytic activity of CALB. We will concentrate on CALB-assisted functionalization of polymers with emphasis on region- and chemoselectivity controlled through the use of the enzyme, with first discussing some fundamental aspects established in small molecule reactions. We will discuss CALB-catalyzed transesterification, Michael addition and epoxidation reactions that have been used for the functionalization of polymers. First we will discuss some fundamental aspects of enzyme-catalyzed transesterification, Michael addition and epoxidation
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