Abstract

We report a novel biodegradable piezoelectric composite fabricated from paper and the piezoelectric salt, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate (Rochelle salt, which we term PiezoSalt). The piezoelectric composite is non-toxic and is fabricated free of environmentally harmful solvents by impregnating PiezoSalt into a paper matrix through the crystallization of a concentrated PiezoSalt brine solution. The composite exhibits an effective piezoelectric constant between 3 and 25 pCN−1, dielectric constant of 7, mass density of 625kgm−3, and a Young’s modulus between 7 and 8GPa. When directly actuated, cm-scale cantilevers consisting of PiezoSalt paper produced clearly audible sound waves, illustrating one potential application. PiezoSalt paper composite provides a scalable, high throughput approach for biodegradable sensors and transducers with unsurpassed environmentally friendly processing.

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