Abstract
Dementia is a major public health concern nowadays. Reduced levels of brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and DHA-phosphatidylcholines (DHA-PCs) in dementia patients were reported previously. Recently, we have reported that supplementation of green nut oil (GNO) or DHA improves memory function and distribution levels of brain DHA in senescence accelerated mice P8 (SAMP8). GNO is extracted from Plukenetia volubilis seeds, and SAMP8 is a well-known model mouse of dementia. In this current study, we examined the results of GNO or DHA supplementation in the distribution levels of brain DHA-PCs in same model mouse of dementia using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). We observed significantly decreased distribution of brain DHA-PCs, PC (16:0_22:6), and PC (18:0_22:6) in SAMP8 mice compared to wild type mice, and GNO or DHA treatment restored the decreased distribution levels of PC (16:0_22:6) and PC (18:0_22:6) in the brain of SAMP8 mice. These results indicate that GNO or DHA supplementation can ameliorate the decreased distribution of brain DHA-PCs in dementia, and could be potentially used for the prevention and treatment of dementia.
Highlights
Dementia is one of the major global health problems mainly in elderly people in which there is deterioration in memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform daily activities [1]
Detection of Peaks Corresponded to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-PCs from desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)-mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) Spectra
DESI-MSI mass spectra were acquired from the sagittal brain sections of 14-week-old wild type (WT) mice, 14-week-old senescence accelerated mice P8 (SAMP8) mice, and 28-week-old SAMP8 mice treated with CO, green nut oil (GNO), and DHA in positive ion mode over 500−1000 m/z range to explore the changes of DHA-PCs distribution after GNO or DHA supplementation
Summary
Dementia is one of the major global health problems mainly in elderly people in which there is deterioration in memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform daily activities [1]. Among all omega-3 fatty acids that have been detected in animal brain, the most abundant omega-3 fatty acid is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [4]. It incorporates into phosphatidylcholines (PCs), major lipid components of the brain [5,6]. Brain DHA and DHA-PCs play a significant role to regulate protein–protein interaction, and required for optimal neuronal function [7]. They regulate membrane fluidity by controlling the function of synaptic membrane-associated proteins [7]. Several studies have reported that the patients having dementia have decreased brain DHA and DHA-PCs [8,9]
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