Green monitoring of bromhexine oxidative degradation kinetics

Abstract

Kinetics studies are important in quality control to assure the safety and efficacy of the pharmaceutical compounds. Recently, potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) breakthrough kinetics study due to their ability to provide real-time measurements which meet “green analytical chemistry” (GAC) principles. A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane was fabricated to monitor bromhexine (BR) oxidative degradation kinetics using tetraphenylborate as a cation exchanger. At-line monitoring of the oxidative degradation kinetics of BR was performed; by continuous measuring the decrease in the sensor potential over time. So a real-time observation and a continuous profile were obtained for the oxidation of BR under various H2O2 concentrations and temperature. This kinetic study determines the oxidation activation energy that was 6.4 kcal mol−1. To expand the application of this sensor, BR was determined in bulk powder and dosage form in the presence of both co-formulated drug (acefylline piperazine) and dosage form additives. The proposed sensor had been characterized according to IUPAC recommendations and a linear dynamic range was 5 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−3 M and other sensor parameters had been calculated.