Green Metal-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Medicinal Plants and Plant Phytochemicals against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NP) are increasingly used in a variety of applications such as therapeutics for acute and chronic diseases, diagnostics, biosensors, cancer detection and treatment, drug delivery, cosmetics, antimicrobial agents, textiles, medical devices and instruments, electronics, catalysis, food, food packaging industry, food security, food quality enhancement, water treatment and paints. Biowastes, bioproducts and biomolecules are also used for the synthesis of NPs acting as reducing and stabilizing agents. In an era of emerging bacterial resistance against a wide range of antibiotics, it is vital to focus on finding new treatments. Multidrug-resistant bacteria bacteria are of great concern as they are of a family of bacteria that have been associated with death and morbidity for centuries. Penicillin was discovered in 1928 and the first penicillin-resistant bacteria appeared in 1947, only one year after the introduction of penicillin into clinics, and only two years after penicillin became widely available.