Green economy, sustainability and implementation before, during, and after the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Abstract

The idea of a green economy benefits sustainable development goals, especially in Indonesia. An economy with low carbon emissions that is resource-efficient and socially inclusive is known as a “green economy”. This article is a compilation of research findings conducted by universities, non-governmental organisations, and governments in Indonesia and other countries. Study data on economic growth, green investment development, and green economic strategies were collected. The literature has paid greater attention to the green economy, increasing efforts and emphasis on sustainable development and climate change. However, researchers have not agreed on a definition of this phenomenon. The research presented in this article provides an overview of the development of green economy research from 1990 to 2023. Bibliometric analysis highlights development trends and the current state of the green economy. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a sustainable green economy in Indonesia and provide direction and a solid conceptual framework for readers to conduct further research. This article also uses a qualitative systematic review methodology to discuss the green economy, progress in sustainability, and adjustments made in Indonesia during and after the COVID-19 epidemic. Other researchers and policymakers may find the research conceptual findings provided in this helpful article.