Green Distributed Power Control Algorithm for Multi-user Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract

Considering both system energy efficiency (EE) and the implementation of distributed power control algorithm in multi-user cognitive radio networks (CRNs), a multi-leader Stackelberg power control game algorithm is proposed to achieve continuous Pareto improvements in non-cooperative power control game (NPG) in this paper. By combining the advantages of cooperative and non-cooperative games with consideration of secondary users’ quality of service (QoS) requirements, the problems of low system EE of non-cooperative game and limited Pareto improvement of single leader Stackelberg game are solved. Simple utility function and time back-off are utilized to facilitate the implementation of distributed algorithm. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm improves the system EE as Pareto improvement is reached. Meanwhile, primary user’s QoS is guaranteed as secondary users transmit with lower power.