Abstract
The development of a chemistry experiment based on green chemistry aims to train and familiarize students to save on the use of chemicals, replace them with safer materials and minimize waste generated from experimental activities. Research and development methods are used to develop experimental modules based on green chemistry. The stages of research and development consist of needs analysis, product development, and product testing. The developed experiment module, implements three principles of green chemistry, i.e. preventing waste, safer chemical planning and safe use of solvents. The feasibility test by expert judgement on the material and media obtained scores 91.9% and 94.7% respectively. The results of the trials in small groups and large groups showed that the developed module was feasible to use. Student perceptions after using the module show positive results. The conclusions from the results of the feasibility test and the trial conducted indicate that the green chemistry-based kinetics' module has good criteria and in accordance with the wishes and needs of students. In addition, the implementation of this module in the kinetics experiment succeeded in making students understand and apply the principles of green chemistry. As many as 90% of students realize that there is a relationship between the application of the principles of green chemistry and the educational paradigm for sustainable development. The use of kinetics' module based on green chemistry also saved the cost of experiment material requirements by 75% per year.
Highlights
Sustainable development declared by the United Nations since 2005 is a comprehensive paradigm in all aspects of life (Wals, 2012)
The questionnaires about the knowledge of green chemistry and questionnaires related to the student paradigm on education for sustainable development were distributed after the students conducted experiment
At the end of the implementation phase, after applying a sustainable chemistry-based chemical kinetics module, students as respondents were given a questionnaire related to the educational paradigm for sustainable development
Summary
Sustainable development declared by the United Nations since 2005 is a comprehensive paradigm in all aspects of life (Wals, 2012). Green chemistry combines a new approach to the synthesis, processing and application of chemical substances in such a manner as to reduce threats to health and the environment (Anastas et al, 2001; Singh et al, 1999; Wardencki et al, 2005). Green chemistry combines new approaches for the synthesis, processing and application of chemicals in such a way to reduce threats for health and environment. Green chemistry is a comprehensive approach that applied o all aspects of chemistry by designing chemical products and processes to reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous materials (Anastas et al, 2001). The advantage of applying green chemistry to the lab is more economical, it can save energy, reduce the waste produced so as to protect human health and the environment and create a healthier work environment (Beaulne, 2009). Green chemistry has 12 principles that have been declared, as listed in the table 1 below
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